If you need more in-depth info, you can download the actual MOT inspection manual from the .gov website. This not only list the exact tests conducted, but also the specific failure criteria. The interesting point here is that the vehicle can only be failed for one of the specific criteria listed, and nothing else.
I used this manual recently to get my first ever bike through its MOT in a hurry, after 4 years in a shed after an engine transplant. The tested almost laughed when he saw the rust-bucket, but was quite amazed that every test he did was passed easily. Not a single advisory, even though the bike looks like a failed entrant for 'scrapheap challenge'! Very useful guides.
This link is for the bike manuals, though there are ones for cars etc if you're that way inclined...
https://www.gov.uk/government/publicati ... 2-vehicles